A Static Dome is relatively new to the GBPA as we were introduced to it on a recent investigation to Pennhurst Asylum.
The dome is based on the triboelectric effect, or triboelectric charging.
While I could go into a very long technical explanation that I have to admit I wouldn't fully understand, what we're really talking about here is static electricity.
We all know static electricity can be created by rubbing two objects together, causing friction.
There is a theory in the paranormal community that when entities enter and leave our environment they create that same friction.
Basically the Static Dome detects that static electricity that we can't see, and via the use of an internal antenna identifies the direction that static is coming from.